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¹Department of Radiation Oncology, Bahçeşehir University, Göztepe Medical Park Hospital, İstanbul-Türkiye
²Department of Radiation Oncology, Bahçelievler Medipol Hospital, İstanbul-Türkiye DOI : 10.5505/tjo.2025.9 The integration of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) with targeted agents has emerged as a promising strategy in modern oncology, offering the potential for enhanced tumor control through synergistic biological mechanisms. SBRT achieves high local doses with sub-millimeter precision, while targeted therapies act on molecular pathways critical for tumor proliferation, angiogenesis, and immune evasion. When used concurrently, these modalities may reinforce each other"s effects, but this synergy is not limited to tumor cells. Normal tissues within or adjacent to the radiation field may also experience heightened sensitivity, leading to an increased risk of adverse events. Reported toxicities include potentiation of vascular injury, exacerbation of mucosal inflammation, and augmentation of immune-related adverse effects, depending on the specific class of agent administered. Consequently, while the combination of SBRT and targeted therapies holds substantial therapeutic promise, its implementation requires judicious patient selection, careful sequencing, and vigilant toxicity monitoring to maximize efficacy while minimizing harm. Keywords : Adverse events; immunotherapy; radiotherapy; SBRT; targeted therapies